Solidification/stabilization Treatment of Spent Catalyst (Vâ‚‚Oâ‚…) from a Sulfuric Acid Plant using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and an Additive
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Vanadium pentoxide (Vâ‚‚Oâ‚…) is the most commonly used oxidation catalyst in the production of sulfuric acid. It has a service life of 5 - 10 years and is disposed after its deterioration. Spent catalyst is listed as a scheduled waste under Malaysian Environmental Quality Act (EQA), 1974 and it must be sent to Kualiti Alam Sdn. Bhd. (KA), the only integrated hazardous waste treatment and disposal centre in peninsular Malaysia. Since 2005, an amended regulation allows the spent catalyst to be treated by the waste generator, provided a positive scientific outcome is presented. This paper discusses a scientific study of the spent catalyst treatment using the cement-based solidification/ stabilization (S/S) technique, whereby the treatment effectiveness was investigated through two leaching tests, TCLP and ANS 16.1 (modified). The spent catalyst is a dry, greenish-yellow porous cylindrical solid, which contains mainly silica (56 - 75%). Its metal contents are K (839mg/l), V (356mg/l), Na (99mg/l), Al (44mg/l), Ca (23mg/l), Fe (13mg/l), Mg (13mg/l) and Pb (0.7mg/l). Cement-based S/S was able to control the leaching of the Fe and Pb that exceeded Malaysian EQA wastewater standard limit before the treatment. In addition, leachability index ($L_i$) confirmed that the waste constituents were successfully encapsulated in the solidified matrix. The compressibility of the treated samples was measured using ASTM unconfined compressive strength and proved that they should be able to sustain the load placed on them in a landfill. Tiles and bricks made from the S/S process could potentially be used as construction materials.
Downloads
Article Details
Transfer of Copyrights
- In the event of publication of the manuscript entitled [INSERT MANUSCRIPT TITLE AND REF NO.] in the Malaysian Journal of Science, I hereby transfer copyrights of the manuscript title, abstract and contents to the Malaysian Journal of Science and the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publisher) for the full legal term of copyright and any renewals thereof throughout the world in any format, and any media for communication.
Conditions of Publication
- I hereby state that this manuscript to be published is an original work, unpublished in any form prior and I have obtained the necessary permission for the reproduction (or am the owner) of any images, illustrations, tables, charts, figures, maps, photographs and other visual materials of whom the copyrights is owned by a third party.
- This manuscript contains no statements that are contradictory to the relevant local and international laws or that infringes on the rights of others.
- I agree to indemnify the Malaysian Journal of Science and the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publisher) in the event of any claims that arise in regards to the above conditions and assume full liability on the published manuscript.
Reviewer’s Responsibilities
- Reviewers must treat the manuscripts received for reviewing process as confidential. It must not be shown or discussed with others without the authorization from the editor of MJS.
- Reviewers assigned must not have conflicts of interest with respect to the original work, the authors of the article or the research funding.
- Reviewers should judge or evaluate the manuscripts objective as possible. The feedback from the reviewers should be express clearly with supporting arguments.
- If the assigned reviewer considers themselves not able to complete the review of the manuscript, they must communicate with the editor, so that the manuscript could be sent to another suitable reviewer.
Copyright: Rights of the Author(s)
- Effective 2007, it will become the policy of the Malaysian Journal of Science (published by the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya) to obtain copyrights of all manuscripts published. This is to facilitate:
(a) Protection against copyright infringement of the manuscript through copyright breaches or piracy.
(b) Timely handling of reproduction requests from authorized third parties that are addressed directly to the Faculty of Science, University of Malaya. - As the author, you may publish the fore-mentioned manuscript, whole or any part thereof, provided acknowledgement regarding copyright notice and reference to first publication in the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers) are given.
You may produce copies of your manuscript, whole or any part thereof, for teaching purposes or to be provided, on individual basis, to fellow researchers. - You may include the fore-mentioned manuscript, whole or any part thereof, electronically on a secure network at your affiliated institution, provided acknowledgement regarding copyright notice and reference to first publication in the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers) are given.
- You may include the fore-mentioned manuscript, whole or any part thereof, on the World Wide Web, provided acknowledgement regarding copyright notice and reference to first publication in the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers) are given.
- In the event that your manuscript, whole or any part thereof, has been requested to be reproduced, for any purpose or in any form approved by the Malaysian Journal of Science and Faculty of Science, University of Malaya (as the publishers), you will be informed. It is requested that any changes to your contact details (especially e-mail addresses) are made known.
Copyright: Role and responsibility of the Author(s)
- In the event of the manuscript to be published in the Malaysian Journal of Science contains materials copyrighted to others prior, it is the responsibility of current author(s) to obtain written permission from the copyright owner or owners.
- This written permission should be submitted with the proof-copy of the manuscript to be published in the Malaysian Journal of Science